Textual Entailment - Oxford Handbooks Online

Textual entailment is a binary relation between two natural-language texts (called 'text' and 'hypothesis'), where readers of the 'text' would agree the ... Jumpto Content PersonalProfile:Signin orCreate About News SubjectsAvailable GuidedTour ForAuthors SubscriberServices SiteHelp ContactUs OxfordHandbooksOnline Publications Pages Publications Pages Help! BrowsebySubject    Archaeology BusinessandManagement ClassicalStudies CriminologyandCriminalJustice EconomicsandFinance History Law Linguistics Literature Music Neuroscience Philosophy PhysicalSciences PoliticalScience Psychology Religion Sociology BrowseAll MyContent (0) Recentlyviewed (0) SaveEntry MySearches(0) Recentlyviewed (0) SaveSearch Close TextualEntailment   SebastianPadó SebastianPadóLinguistics,UniversityofStuttgartClose  and IdoDagan IdoDaganLinguistics,Bar-IlanUniversityClose TheOxfordHandbookofComputationalLinguistics2ndedition(2ed.) EditedbyRuslanMitkov Subject: Linguistics,ComputationalLinguistics OnlinePublicationDate: Jan2016 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199573691.013.024 ReadMore HighlightSearchTerm Print Save Cite Emailthiscontent ShareLink Copythislink,orclickbelowtoemailittoafriend Emailthiscontent orcopythelinkdirectly: https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199573691.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199573691-e-024 Thelinkwasnotcopied.Yourcurrentbrowsermaynotsupportcopyingviathisbutton. LinkcopiedsuccessfullyCopylink ShareThis Subscribersignin Youcouldnotbesignedin,pleasecheckandtryagain. Username PleaseenteryourUsername Password PleaseenteryourPassword Forgotpassword? Don'thaveanaccount? SigninviayourInstitution Youcouldnotbesignedin,pleasecheckandtryagain. Signinwithyourlibrarycard Pleaseenteryourlibrarycardnumber Searchwithin... InThisArticle 1Introduction:InferenceandEntailment2TheRecognizingTextualEntailmentChallenge2.1EarlyRTEChallenges2.2Contradictions2.3Discoursecontext2.4The‘Search’task2.5Evaluation3EntailmentPhenomena4BuildingEntailmentEngines4.1Entailmentdecisionalgorithms4.2Knowledgesources5Applications5.1Entailmentforvalidation5.2Entailmentforscoring5.3Entailmentforgeneration5.4Entailmentforstructuringinformation6ConclusionsandOutlookFurtherReadingandRelevantResourcesReferencesNotes ShowSummaryDetails Phonology Morphology Lexis Syntax Semantics Discourse Pragmatics Dialogue MathematicalFoundations:FormalGrammarsandLanguages Finite-StateTechnology StatisticalMethods:Fundamentals StatisticalModelsforNaturalLanguageProcessing MachineLearning WordRepresentation DeepLearning Similarity Evaluation SublanguagesandControlledLanguages Lexicography Corpora CorpusAnnotation Ontologies TextSegmentation Part-of-SpeechTagging Parsing SemanticRoleLabelling WordSenseDisambiguation ComputationalTreatmentofMultiwordExpressions TextualEntailment AnaphoraResolution NaturalLanguageGeneration SpeechRecognition TemporalProcessing Text-to-SpeechSynthesis MachineTranslation TranslationTechnology InformationRetrieval InformationExtraction QuestionAnswering TextSummarization TermExtraction WebTextMining OpinionMiningandSentimentAnalysis SpokenLanguageDialogueSystems MultimodalSystems NaturalLanguageProcessingforEducationalApplications AutomatedWritingAssistance TextSimplification BiomedicalComputationalLinguisticsandNaturalLanguageProcessing AuthorProfilingandRelatedApplications RecentDevelopmentsinNaturalLanguageProcessing PreviousVersion AbstractandKeywordsTextualentailmentisabinaryrelationbetweentwonatural-languagetexts(called‘text’and‘hypothesis’),wherereadersofthe‘text’wouldagreethe‘hypothesis’ismostlikelytrue(Peterissnoring→Amansleeps).Itsrecognitionrequiresanaccountoflinguisticvariability(aneventmayberealizedindifferentways,e.g.Peterbuysthecar↔ThecarispurchasedbyPeter)andofrelationshipsbetweenevents(e.g.Peterbuysthecar→Peterownsthecar).Unlikelogics-basedinference,textualentailmentalsocoverscasesofprobablebutstilldefeasibleentailment(AhurricanehitPeter’stown→Peter’stownwasdamaged).Sincehumancommon-sensereasoningofteninvolvessuchdefeasibleinferences,textualentailmentisofconsiderableinterestforreal-worldlanguageprocessingtasks,asageneric,application-independentframeworkforsemanticinference.Thischapterdiscussesthehistoryoftextualentailment,approachestorecognizingit,anditsintegrationinvariousNLPtasks. Keywords:textualentailment,inference,common-sensereasoning,semanticprocessing,variabilityinnaturallanguage SebastianPadó SebastianPadóhasbeenprofessorofcomputationallinguisticsatStuttgartUniversitysince2013.HestudiedinSaarbrückenandEdinburghandwasapostdoctoralscholaratStanfordUniversity.Hiscoreresearchconcernslearning,representing,andprocessingsemanticknowledge(broadlyconstrued)fromandintext.Examplesincludemodellinglinguisticphenomena,discoursestructure,inference,semanticprocessing,andcross-lingualperspectivesonsemantics. IdoDagan IdoDaganisaProfessorattheDepartmentofComputerScienceatBar-IlanUniversity,IsraelandaFellowoftheAssociationforComputationalLinguistics(ACL).Hisinterestsareinappliedsemanticprocessing,focusingonnatural-languagebasedrepresentationoftextualinformation,itsconsolidationandexploration.Daganandcolleaguesestablishedthetextualentailmentrecognitionparadigm.HewasthePresidentoftheACLin2010andledtheestablishmentofthejournalTransactionsoftheAssociationforComputationalLinguistics. AccesstothecompletecontentonOxfordHandbooksOnlinerequiresasubscriptionorpurchase.Publicusersareabletosearchthesiteandviewtheabstractsandkeywordsforeachbookandchapterwithoutasubscription.Pleasesubscribeorlogintoaccessfulltextcontent.Ifyouhavepurchasedaprinttitlethatcontainsanaccesstoken,pleaseseethetokenforinformationabouthowtoregisteryourcode.Forquestionsonaccessortroubleshooting,pleasecheckourFAQs,andifyoucan''tfindtheanswerthere,pleasecontactus. Phonology Morphology Lexis Syntax Semantics Discourse Pragmatics Dialogue MathematicalFoundations:FormalGrammarsandLanguages Finite-StateTechnology StatisticalMethods:Fundamentals StatisticalModelsforNaturalLanguageProcessing MachineLearning WordRepresentation DeepLearning Similarity Evaluation SublanguagesandControlledLanguages Lexicography Corpora CorpusAnnotation Ontologies TextSegmentation Part-of-SpeechTagging Parsing SemanticRoleLabelling WordSenseDisambiguation ComputationalTreatmentofMultiwordExpressions TextualEntailment AnaphoraResolution NaturalLanguageGeneration SpeechRecognition TemporalProcessing Text-to-SpeechSynthesis MachineTranslation TranslationTechnology InformationRetrieval InformationExtraction QuestionAnswering TextSummarization TermExtraction WebTextMining OpinionMiningandSentimentAnalysis SpokenLanguageDialogueSystems MultimodalSystems NaturalLanguageProcessingforEducationalApplications AutomatedWritingAssistance TextSimplification BiomedicalComputationalLinguisticsandNaturalLanguageProcessing AuthorProfilingandRelatedApplications RecentDevelopmentsinNaturalLanguageProcessing OxfordUniversityPress Copyright© 2022. 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