kV and mA Meters - SlideShare

X-rays are attenuated exponentially. – Attenuation is the reduction in x-ray Distance and mAs DO NOT affect radiation quality, but they do affect radiation ... SlideShareusescookiestoimprovefunctionalityandperformance,andtoprovideyouwithrelevantadvertising.Ifyoucontinuebrowsingthesite,youagreetotheuseofcookiesonthiswebsite.SeeourUserAgreementandPrivacyPolicy. SlideShareusescookiestoimprovefunctionalityandperformance,andtoprovideyouwithrelevantadvertising.Ifyoucontinuebrowsingthesite,youagreetotheuseofcookiesonthiswebsite.SeeourPrivacyPolicyandUserAgreementfordetails. Home Explore Login Signup Successfullyreportedthisslideshow. WeuseyourLinkedInprofileandactivitydatatopersonalizeadsandtoshowyoumorerelevantads.Youcanchangeyouradpreferencesanytime. Createyourfreeaccounttoreadunlimiteddocuments. kVandmAMeters UpcomingSlideShare Loadingin…5 × Youarereadingapreview. Createyourfreeaccounttocontinuereading. SignUp 1 1of17 Likethispresentation?Whynotshare! Share Email     Xraytube by RadTech 150794 views Positioningandradiographicanatom... by mr_koky 135887 views radiologyx-rayproduction by ParthThakkar 57935 views Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Size(px) Starton ShowrelatedSlideSharesatend of PrevSlideShare NextSlideShares Youarereadingapreview. Createyourfreeaccounttocontinuereading. SignUp UpcomingSlideShare Xraytube Next DownloadNow Downloadtoreadofflineandviewinfullscreen. Science Jan.21,2016 21,121views 27Likes Share DownloadNow Download Downloadtoreadoffline kVandmAMeters DownloadNow Download Downloadtoreadoffline Science Jan.21,2016 21,121views kVmeterandmAmeter radiologicphysics Readmore MaronaYsabelJulabar Follow RegisteredRadiologicTechnologist,MedicalStudent Xraytube RadTech Positioningandradiographicanatomyoftheskull mr_koky radiologyx-rayproduction ParthThakkar Neuroanatomy:Cerebellum MaronaYsabelJulabar PhysiologyoftheParathyroidGlands MaronaYsabelJulabar FemaleEndocrinePhysiology MaronaYsabelJulabar SKULL:RadiologicPositioning(Non-contrast) MaronaYsabelJulabar RepublicActNo.9439 MaronaYsabelJulabar TheHumanHeart MaronaYsabelJulabar ReflectionandRefraction MaronaYsabelJulabar RelatedBooks Freewitha30daytrialfromScribd Seeall TheFirstShots:TheEpicRivalriesandHeroicScienceBehindtheRacetotheCoronavirusVaccine BrendanBorrell (3/5) Free TheSecretLifeofFungi AliyaWhiteley (3/5) Free TheScienceofTimeTravel:TheSecretsBehindTimeMachines,TimeLoops,AlternateRealities,andMore! 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Thex-raymachinetakesenergyfroman electricalsource(usuallya220Voutlet)and convertsittotwoseparatevoltagestreams: •Onestreamisalowvoltagesourcewhich canbevariedsothatdifferentamountsof currentcanflowthroughthehighresistance wirethatcomposesthefilamentinthe cathode.Thecurrentthatflowsthroughthe filamentismeasuredinmilliamperes(mA). •Thesecondstreamisveryhighvoltage, measuredinkilovolts(thousandsofvoltsat peakvoltage--kVp).Thisvoltageisapplied acrossthegapbetweentheanodeandthe cathode. 3. WhenthekVpis increased,thex-ray photonsthatare producedhavea shorterwavelength, andthushavehigher energy. 4. Thenumberofx-rayphotonsproduced (i.e.theintensityofthebeam)depends onthenumberofelectronsthatboil offthefilament.Thisdependsonthe temperatureoftheheatingelement whichinturnsdependsonthecurrent flowingthroughthefilament.The amountofcurrentflowingthroughthe filamentiscontrolledbythemA selector. 5. kVMeter Kilovoltpeakdeterminesthequality ofthex-raybeam. •Whenwesaythequalityofthex-ray beam,wemeanitsenergyand penetrability. –Penetrabilityreferstotheabilityofx- raystopenetratedeeperintissue. •Highenergyx-raysareabletopenetrate tissuemoredeeplythanlowenergyx-rays 6. AhighkVpisavailable atarelativelylowmA andviceversa. ↑kVp=↓mA ↓kVp=↑mA 7. AhigherkVpwillgiveyourimage lowercontrast[manyshadesof gray(widelatitude)].LowerkVp willgiveyourimageahigher contrastimage[fewershadesof gray(narrowlatiude)]. ↑kVp=↓contrast=↑latitude ↓kVp=↑contrast=↓latitude 8. X-raysareattenuated exponentially. –Attenuationisthereduction inx-rayintensitythatresults fromabsorptionand scattering. 9. DistanceandmAs DONOTaffect radiationquality, buttheydoaffect radiationquantity. 10. Inradiography,thequalityofx-raysis measuredbytheHalfValueLayer (HVL). TheHVLofanx-raybeamisthe thicknessofabsorbingmaterial necessarytoreducethex-ray intensitytohalfofitsoriginalvalue. X-raybeamqualitycanbeidentifiedby kVporfiltration,butHVLismost appropriateasitisthebestmethod forspecifyingx-rayquality. 11. mAMeter Thenumberofelectronsemittedbythe filamentisdeterminedbythetemperature ofthefilament. –Thefilamenttemperatureisinturncontrolled bythefilamentcurrent,whichismeasuredin amperes(A). –Asthefilamentcurrentincreases,the filamentbecomeshotter,andmore electronsarereleasedbythermionic emission. ↑F.Current=HotterF.=↑#ofelectrons •Filamentsnormallyoperateatcurrentsof 3to6A. 12. •mAmeasuresthex-ray beam’squantity,thenumber ofx-raysintheusefulbeam. •X-rayquantityisalsoknown as: –intensityofthex-raybeam –radiationexposure. 13. •X-rayquantityisdirectlyproportionalto mAs. –WhenmAsisdoubled,thenumberof electronsstrikingthetubetargetis doubled,thereforethenumberofx-rays emittedisdoubled. ↑mAs=↑#ofelectrons=↑#ofx-rays 14. CompensatingforachangeinSID(Source- to-Image-Distance)bychangingmAsby thefactorofSID2 isknownasthe squarelaw. mAs1=(SID1)2 ________________ mAs2=(SID2)2 15. X-rayQuantityandkVp I1=(kVp1)2 _______ I2=(kVp2)2 16. X-rayQuantityandDistance akaINVERSESQUARELAW I1=(d1)2 _____ I2=(d2)2 17. PREPAREDBYGROUPTWO JULABAR,MARONAYSABELG. ALIASUT,GAILRICH PANGILINAN,RUFFAMAE DATU,EUNICELORENZ MALIWAT,KEANAJAMILLA RIVERA,JONIE GAMBOA,DESIREEDAWN OCOP,TRINAMILISE PARAS,VANESSAYVRESSE BALUYUT,PRINCESSPAULINE PADILLON,GRACYN Xraytube RadTech Positioningandradiographicanatomyoftheskull mr_koky radiologyx-rayproduction ParthThakkar Neuroanatomy:Cerebellum MaronaYsabelJulabar PhysiologyoftheParathyroidGlands MaronaYsabelJulabar FemaleEndocrinePhysiology MaronaYsabelJulabar SKULL:RadiologicPositioning(Non-contrast) MaronaYsabelJulabar RepublicActNo.9439 MaronaYsabelJulabar TheHumanHeart MaronaYsabelJulabar ReflectionandRefraction MaronaYsabelJulabar kVmeterandmAmeter radiologicphysics Views Totalviews 21,121 OnSlideshare 0 Fromembeds 0 Numberofembeds 36 Actions Downloads 152 Shares 0 Comments 0 Likes 27 27Likes Statistics Notes × ShareClipboard × Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Link Publicclipboardsfeaturingthisslide × Nopublicclipboardsfoundforthisslide Selectanotherclipboard × Lookslikeyou’veclippedthisslidetoalready. 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