Nostoc commune - Wikipedia

文章推薦指數： 80 %
投票人數：10人

Nostoc commune is a species of cyanobacterium in the family Nostocaceae. Common names include star jelly, witch's butter, mare's eggs, fah-tsai and facai. Nostoccommune FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Speciesofbacterium Nostoccommune Nostoccommune Scientificclassification Domain: Bacteria Phylum: Cyanobacteria Class: Cyanophyceae Order: Nostocales Family: Nostocaceae Genus: Nostoc Species: N. commune Binomialname NostoccommuneVaucherexBornet&Flahault,1888[1] Varieties Nostoccommunevar.sphaeroides Synonyms[1] NostocellacommunisGaillon TremellanostocCarlLinnaeus1753 UlvapruniformisCarlLinnaeus1753 NostockurzianumZeller1873 NostoccommuneisaspeciesofcyanobacteriuminthefamilyNostocaceae.Commonnamesincludestarjelly,witch'sbutter,mare'seggs,fah-tsaiandfacai.ItisthetypespeciesofthegenusNostocandiscosmopolitanindistribution. Contents 1Description 2Distributionandhabitat 3Biology 4Uses 5References Description[edit] Nostoccommuneisacolonialspeciesofcyanobacterium.Itinitiallyformsasmall,hollowgelatinousglobulewhichgrowsandbecomesleathery,flattenedandconvoluted,formingagelatinousmasswithothercoloniesgrowingnearby.Insidethethinsheatharenumerousunbranchedhair-likestructurescalledtrichomesformedofshortcellsinastring.Thecellsarebacteriaandthushavenonucleusnorinternalmembranesystem.Tomultiply,theyformtwonewcellswhentheydividebybinaryfission.Alongthetrichomes,largerspecialistnitrogen-fixingcellscalledheterocystsoccurbetweentheordinarycells.Whenwet,Nostoccommuneisbluish-green,olivegreenorbrownbutindryconditionsitbecomesaninconspicuous,crispbrownishmat.[2][3] Distributionandhabitat[edit] Nostoccommune Nostoccommuneisfoundinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.Itisabletosurviveinextremeconditionsinpolarregionsandaridareas.Itisaterrestrialorfreshwaterspeciesandformslooseclumpsonsoil,gravelandpavedsurfaces,amongmossesandbetweencobbles.[1]InSingapore,Nostoccommuneisfoundgrowingonalkalinesoils,inbrackishwater,inpaddyfields,oncliffsandonwetrocks.[2] Biology[edit] Nostoccommunecanfixnitrogenfromtheatmosphereandcanthereforeliveinlocationswherenonitrogenouscompoundsareavailablefromthesubstrate.Nostoccommunecontainsphotosyntheticpigmentsandtheenergystoringphotosystemsinmembranestructurescalledthylakoidslocatedincytoplasmofthecells.Italsocontainspigmentsthatabsorblongandmediumwavelengthultravioletradiation,whichenablesittosurviveinplaceswithhighlevelsofradiation.[3] Underadverseconditions,Nostoccommunecanremaindormantforanextendedperiodoftimeandrevivewhenconditionsimproveandwaterbecomesavailable.Thedesiccatedcolonyisresistanttoheatandtorepeatedpatternsoffreezingandthawingandproducesnooxygenwhiledormant.[4]Ithasbeenfoundthatextracellularpolysaccharidesarevitaltoitsstresstoleranceandabilitytorecover.[4] NostoccommunecanoccurinpocketsinthethallusofhornwortssuchasPhaeoceros.[1] Uses[edit] NostoccommuneiseatenasasaladinthePhilippinesandisalsoeateninIndonesia,JapanandChina.InTaiwan,itisnicknamed雨來菇yǔláigū(meaning"post-rainmushroom").Nostoccommunevar.flagelliformeisknownas发菜fàcàiinChinawhichformspartofthefoodtraditionallyservedattheLunarNewYear.[2]ResearchindicatesthatconsumptionofNostoccommunevar.sphaeroides,inadditiontoconsumptionofothercyanobacteria,maybebeneficialbymeansofananti-inflammatorymechanism.[5] References[edit] ^abcdGuiry,M.D.;Guiry,G.M.(2012)."Nostoccommune-VaucherexBornet&Flahault".AlgaeBase.Retrieved2012-09-08. ^abcWeeYeowChin."Nostoccommune".RafflesMuseumofBiodiversityResearch.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2012-12-25.Retrieved2012-09-07. ^ab"Nostoc".MicrobeWiki.Retrieved2012-09-08. ^abTamaru,Yoshiyuki;Yayoi,Takani;Yoshida,Takayuki;Toshio,Sakamoto(2005)."CrucialRoleofExtracellularPolysaccharidesinDesiccationandFreezingToleranceintheTerrestrialCyanobacteriumNostoccommune".AppliedandEnvironmentalMicrobiology.71(11):7327–7333.doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.7327-7333.2005.PMC 1287664.PMID 16269775. ^Ku,Lee(2013)."Edibleblue-greenalgaereducetheproductionofpro-inflammatorycytokinesbyinhibitingNF-κBpathwayinmacrophagesandsplenocytes".BiochimicaetBiophysicaActa(BBA)-GeneralSubjects.1830(4):2981–2988.doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.01.018.PMC 3594481.PMID 23357040. Taxonidentifiers Wikidata:Q11286530 AlgaeBase:24479 BioLib:143743 CoL:47RP8 EPPO:NOSTCO GBIF:3219423 iNaturalist:319815 IRMNG:10737534 ITIS:1147 LPSN:nostoc-commune NBN:NHMSYS0000604836 NCBI:1178 NZOR:f9b9daa3-8576-451d-8f63-0b45fb8e5e35 Tropicos:100386847 WoRMS:608248 Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nostoc_commune&oldid=1062212910" Categories:NostocaceaeSpeciesdescribedin1753Bacteriadescribedin1753TaxanamedbyCarlLinnaeusHiddencategories:ArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionisdifferentfromWikidataArticleswith'species'microformats Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Inotherprojects WikimediaCommons Languages العربيةCatalàEspañol한국어Nederlands日本語SakizayaSlovenčinaСрпски/srpskiУкраїнська中文 Editlinks

請為這篇文章評分？

延伸文章資訊