刺激相對競爭性對干擾物處理的影響

本篇研究旨在探討刺激間的相對競爭性如何影響干擾物排除的時機，及其相關的神經活動指標。

過去研究以側翼作業（flanker task）探討干擾物對目標物反應判斷的影響， ... 資料載入處理中... 跳到主要內容 臺灣博碩士論文加值系統 ::: 網站導覽| 首頁| 關於本站| 聯絡我們| 國圖首頁| 常見問題| 操作說明 English |FB專頁 |Mobile 免費會員 登入| 註冊 功能切換導覽列 (206.189.149.24)您好！臺灣時間：2022/05/2307:23 字體大小：       ::: 詳目顯示 recordfocus 第1筆/ 共1筆  /1頁 論文基本資料 摘要 外文摘要 目次 參考文獻 紙本論文 QRCode 本論文永久網址: 複製永久網址Twitter研究生:李紹銘研究生(外文):Shao-MingLee論文名稱:刺激相對競爭性對干擾物處理的影響論文名稱(外文):TheEffectsofStimulusCompetitiononDistractorProcessing指導教授:葉怡玉指導教授(外文):Yei-YuYeh口試委員:鄭仕坤、郭柏呈口試委員(外文):Shih-kuenCheng、Bo-ChengKuo口試日期:2013-03-29學位類別:碩士校院名稱:國立臺灣大學系所名稱:心理學研究所學門:社會及行為科學學門學類:心理學類論文種類:學術論文論文出版年:2013畢業學年度:102語文別:中文論文頁數:75中文關鍵詞:事件相關電位、N2pc、Pd、P300、側翼作業外文關鍵詞:Event-relatedpotentials、N2pc、Pd、P300、flankertask相關次數: 被引用:0點閱:660評分:下載:0書目收藏:0 本篇研究旨在探討刺激間的相對競爭性如何影響干擾物排除的時機，及其相關的神經活動指標。

過去研究以側翼作業（flankertask）探討干擾物對目標物反應判斷的影響，比較干擾物與目標物反應不相容嘗試與相容嘗試間反應時間的差異（反應時間相容效果），以作為干擾物處理至反應決策歷程的指標。

因反應時間資料僅為所有認知歷程的加總結果，本研究以事件相關電位研究進一步地回答在側翼作業脈絡中，干擾物競爭力被稀釋的確切時機。

實驗一發現，當干擾物能與目標物以突顯顏色群組在一起時（稀釋情境），會引發比其它情境（高負荷量與低負荷量）下干擾物所引發的N2pc振幅較大，表示初始注意力分布會受到知覺組織的效果影響。

有趣的是，干擾物在早期注意力分布時與晚期反應決策階段時的競爭力具有解離性：低負荷量情境有P300相容性效果，稀釋情境則無。

根據雙機制競爭模形（Yeh&Lin,2012）注意力再導引會提高了非目標物活化量，進而稀釋了干擾物的表徵，使其競爭性無法延續到晚期階段。

由實驗二反應時間相容性的結果可知，在多重目標畫面（redundanttargetdisplay）的脈絡之下，干擾物位置的不確定性在提升干擾物競爭性上扮演重要角色，但干擾物距離則否。

承接實驗二的結果，實驗三A同時使用電生理與行為指標進一步地探討，在固定距離下干擾物的大小如何影響干擾物的競爭性而影響神經活動。

結果顯示，在多重目標畫面的刺激脈絡之下，干擾物會於N2時窗（timewindow）會引發Pd成份波，表示在初始階段即對干擾物產生抑制。

另外，如同實驗一，實驗三A也發現干擾物的處理在早期與晚期有解離性存在：即便干擾物大小不會調控Pd成份波的振幅，但只有當干擾物較大時，才會出現P300振幅相容性效果並產生較大的反應時間相容效果。

綜合三個實驗的結果，注意力的選擇歷程一個是連續且有多個機制共同交互所完成的結果。

Thepresentstudyaimstoexplorehowthecompetitionsamongtask-relevantandtask-irrelevantstimuliaffectdistractorprocessingusingtherecordingofevent-relatedpotentials(ERP).Inmostofthepreviousstudies,distractorprocessingwasoftenevaluatedindirectlybyreactiontimestotargetselection.Yet,reactiontimesimplyreflectstheconsequenceofallintermediatedprocesses.Therefore,weusedERPexperimentstounderpinthedifferentneuralmechanismsunderlyingdistractorprocessesintwoexperimentalcontexts.ERPsweremonitoredwhileparticipantsperformedaflankertask.InExperiment1,stimuluscompetitionwasmanipulatedthroughvaryingwhetherthedistractorcanbeperceptuallygroupedwiththetask-relevanttargetassumingthatdistractorgroupedwiththetargetisastrongcompetitor.Participantsperformedthreeexperimentalconditions:low-load,high-load,anddilutionconditions.Target-nontargetfeaturesimilaritywaslowinthelow-loadconditionandwashighinthelattertwoconditions.Moreimportantly,targetanddistractorsharedthesamecolortoreducetargetprocessingloadinthedilutioncondition.Theresultsshowedthatthatahighlysalientdistractorgroupedwiththetargetincolorelicitedstrongactivationinattentionallocationunderthedilutioncondition.Asaresult,theamplitudeofdistractor-elicitedN2pcwasgreaterunderdilutionthanunderthelow-loadandhigh-loadconditions.Interestingly,thestrongactivationdidnotcarryoverdownstreaminprocessingtoproduceastrongcompetitionagainstthetargetinresponsedecision.DistractorcompatibilitydidnotmodulateP300amplitudeinthedilutionandhigh-loadconditionsbutmanifestedinthelow-loadcondition.Theseresultssuggestthattherepresentationofdistractorwasdilutedbetweentheinitialattentionallocationandtheresponseselectionstagesunderthedilutioncondition.InExperiment2,redundanttargetdisplaywasadoptedtoenhancetargetcompetitionandthereactiontimecompatibilityeffectrevealedthatthelocationuncertaintyplayedaroleinenhancingdistractorcompetitionwhilethedistractordistancedidnot.InExperiment3A,redundanttargetdisplaywasalsoadoptedtoenhancetargetcompetitionwhiledistractorcompetitionwasmanipulatedbyvaryingdistractorsizeassumingthatalargedistractorisastrongcompetitor.Theresultsshowedthatthehighactivationofredundanttargetswasabletosuppressdistractoractivationduringthestageofattentionallocationasreflectedbyadistractor-elicitedPd.Distractorsizedidnotmodulatethedistractor-elicitedPdbutonlythelargedistractorproducedcompatibilityeffectonP300.Thisfindingsuggeststhatalargedistractorproducedcompetitionagainstthetargetinresponsedecisioneventhoughitwassuppressedatanearlystage.Takentogether,theresultsfromtwoexperimentssupportthecontentionthatbiasedcompetitioncharacterizesvisualselectionandrelativestimulusactivationstrengthinfluencesbiasedcompetitionatdifferentstagesofinformationprocessing. 致謝i中文摘要ii英文摘要iii目次iv表目次v圖目次vi前言1實驗一13　　方法14　　結果17　　討論34實驗二38　　方法38　　結果40　　討論42實驗三A43　　方法43　　結果45　　討論51實驗三B52　　方法52　　結果53　　討論59綜合討論60　　研究限制65　　結論66參考文獻67 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